Read the texts that follow. A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences. Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences. Select the best answer to complete the text.

Questions 1 through 4 refer to the following article.

Tipping trouble
How much money do you leave the waiter or waitress in a restaurant? What about taxi …(1)… , hotel staff and hairdressers? Tipping is complex, but even more so when you’re abroad.
motorist
cyclist
rider
driver
cụm từ taxi driver: tài xế tắc xi, motorist: người lái xe ô tô, cyclist: người đạp xe, rider: người lái xe đạp, cưỡi ngựa...,đáp án đúng của câu là driver
The problem is that in every country seems to have its own unofficial “rules”. In Australia, for example tipping isn’t common at all, and they aren’t really expected in restaurant…or anywhere else as a matter of fact. It’s the …(2)… in Iceland and China. And in Japan, it can actually be considered rude to tip in a restaurant.
similar
like
same
alike
cụm từ the same: giống, tương tự, nên đáp án đúng của câu là same
In fact, if you leave money a waiter might chase you to give back. In most of Europe, tipping a waiter is fairly common. However, amounts vary from country to country. In England, for example, most people tip around 10% of the bill. But in Spain people generally only leave small change. However, if there’s one country where you really should tip, it’s the United States. In stark …(3)… to Japan, a waiter will probable chase you down the street if you don’t leave a tip! Not only that, but Americans usually tip up to hefty 20% in restaurants. So, if you’re saving up for a big dinner in the US, make sure you take that into account.
contrast
contrary
contract
contradict
in contrast to sth: trái ngược, đối lập với cái gì, nên đáp án đúng là contrast
Americans also tip for drinks. In fact, there are some bars in New York where staff earn such big …(4)… from tips that they receive no wages. Some people even pay to work there.
currency
money
budget
fund
currency: tiền tệ, budget/fund: tiền quỹ của một người/một tổ chức,...để dự phòng dùng cho một mục đích cụ thể nào đó, to earn a big money: kiếm được một khoản tiền lớn, nên đáp án phù hợp là money

Questions 5 through 8 refer to the following speech.

Kitchen chemistry: the science of herbs and spices
FAITH LAPIDUS: People have been using herbs and spices for thousands of years. Generally, herbs come from the green leaves of plants or vegetables. Spices come from other parts of plants and trees. For …(5)…, cinnamon comes from the hard outer cover of cinnamon plants. The spice ginger comes from the part of the ginger plant that grows underground.Some herbs and spices are valued for their taste. They help to sharpen the taste of many foods. Others are chosen for their smell. Still others were used traditionally for health reasons.
sample
example
pattern
model
for example: ví dụ như, nên đáp án đúng là example
BOB DOUGHTY: Some herbs and spices may be gaining importance in modern medicine. For example, American researchers say red pepper could help people seeking to …(6)… weight. They say this could be especially true for people who do not usually add spices to their food.
lose
decline
drop
fall
to lose weight: giảm cân, đáp án đúng là lose
Researchers from Purdue University reported about the effects of red pepper in the journal Physiology & Behavior. They found that small changes in diet, like adding the pepper, may reduce the …(7)… to eat.
demise
devise
desire
design
Đáp án đúng và phù hợp với nghĩa của câu là desire, to reduce the desire to eat: giảm cảm giác thèm ăn
FAITH LAPIDUS: The spice used in the study was dried and ground cayenne red pepper. Cayenne is a chili pepper. Most chili peppers …(8)… capsaicin -- a substance that makes chili peppers hot. Other studies have shown that capsaicin can reduce hunger and burn calories, the energy stored in food.
compose
consist
comprise
contain
contain: chứa chất/thành phần trong thứ gì đó, consist of/compprise sth/be composed of sth: bao gồm các phần/thành viên,..., đáp án đúng là contain
Questions 9 through 12 refer to the following news.

Daily activity
The winning formula for …(9)… loss is a combination of structured workouts and an active daily life.
waste
wait
weight
waist
weight