BÀI TẬP CHUYỂN ĐỔI CÂU
* Câu điều kiện:
Loại 1: điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
If clause
Main clause

S + V1 / V s(es)
(don’t / doesn’t + V1)
S + will / can/ may + V1
(won’t / can’t + V1)

Loại 2: điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại

If clause
Main clause

S + V-ed / V2
(didn’t + V1)
To be: were / weren’t
S + would / could / should + V1
(wouldn’t / couldn’t + V1)

Loại 3: điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ

If clause
Main clause

S + had + P.P
(hadn’t + P.P)
S + would / could / should + have + P.P
(wouldn’t / couldn’t + have + P.P)


Chú ý khi viết lại câu:
1/ Viết câu tình huống thành câu điều kiện:
Câu tình huống
Câu điều kiện

Thì tương lai
Loại 1

Thì hiện tại
Loại 2

Thì quá khứ
Loại 3


Ex:
You ask the teacher this question. He will answer you.
( If you ask the teacher this question, he will answer you.
He doesn’t have enough money, so he can’t buy a new computer.
( If he had enough money, he could buy a new computer.
We didn’t go out because it rained.
( If it hadn’t rained, we could have gone out.

2/ Đổi từ if sang unless:
IF
UNLESS

Khẳng định
Khẳng định (động từ trong mệnh đề chính đổi sang phủ định)

Phủ định
Khẳng định (mệnh đề chính không thay đổi)


Ex: If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster.
Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster.
If she doesn’t work harder, she will fail the exam.
Unless she works harder, she will fail the exam.

3/ Dạng câu: Mệnh lệnh + or + clause
( If you don’t + V1, Clause
( If you aren’t + adj. …, Clause
Ex: Be careful or you will cut yourself.
( If you aren’t careful, you will cut yourself.
Go away or I will call the police.
( If I you don’t go away, I will phone the police.
EXERCISE
Rewrite the following sentences.
Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying..
If Carol ……………………………………………………
Rita is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
If Rita ………………………………………………………
She’s very thin; perhaps that’s why she feels cold so much.
If she …………………………………………………….
He never polishes his shoes, so he never looks smart
If he ……………………………………………………..
He can’t park near his office; that’s why he doesn’t come by car
If he ……………………………………………………..
My house is guarded by two big dogs. That’s the only reason it isn’t broken into every night
If my house …………………………………………………………
The flats are not clearly numbered, so it is very difficult to find anyone.
If the flats …..………………………………………………………..
I don’t know her e-mail address, so I can’t tell you
If I …………………………………………………………………….
She works in the evening. She has no time to play with her children
If she ………………………………………………………………….
I don’t want them to be upset, so I’ve decided not to tell them what happened.
They ……………………………………………………………..
I am not tall enough to join the basketball team
If I ……………………………………………………………………
He doesn’t see the signal so he doesn’t stop his car
If he ………………………………………………………………….
Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well
If Peter ………………………………………………………………
Mary doesn’t have enough money. She can’t buy a new car.
If Mary ………………………………………………………………
Go right now or you’ll be late for the train.
If you………………………………………………………………….
He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications.
If he ………………………………………………………………….
Hurry up, or we will be late for the exam.
If we …………………………………………………………………
They do not understand you because you do not often talk to them.
If you …………………………………………………………………
Because you speak English unnaturally, they do not understand you.
If you …………………………………………………………………
20. Keep silent or you will wake the baby up.
If --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. She didn’t come to the party because she was busy.
If -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. She will help you. You tell her.
If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. Because he didn’t study hard, he failed the exam.
If ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. I was stuck in the traffic jam; that’s why I came late.
If -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. I don’t have his phone number, so I can’t phone him.
If ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26.